Sikh Legends · Origins & Gurus · Guru Har Rai Ji · Guru Har Krishan Ji · Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji

Emperor Aurangzeb

The successor of Shah Jahan who viewed the Guru's influence with suspicion. He summoned the Guru to Delhi to explain verses in the Adi Granth, leading to the Guru sending his son, Ram Rai, in his place.

Guru Har Rai Ji (1630–1661)

The successor of Shah Jahan who viewed the Guru's influence with suspicion. He summoned the Guru to Delhi to explain verses in the Adi Granth, leading to the Guru sending his son, Ram Rai, in his place.

Role
Mughal Emperor
Group
Mughal Empire & Politics
Period
Guru Har Rai Ji (1630–1661)

Guru Har Krishan Ji (1656–1664)

Summoned the Guru to Delhi at the instigation of Ram Rai. Though the Guru agreed to go to Delhi, he steadfastly refused to meet the Emperor face-to-face, signifying that spiritual authority is independent of temporal power.

Role
Mughal Emperor
Group
The Mughal Court
Period
Guru Har Krishan Ji (1656–1664)

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (1621–1675)

The primary antagonist who ordered the Guru's arrest and execution in Delhi after the Guru stood up for the religious rights of Kashmiri Brahmins.

Role
Mughal Emperor
Group
The Mughal State
Period
Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (1621–1675)

Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1666–1708)

The lifelong adversary to whom the Guru wrote the 'Zafarnama' (Letter of Victory), challenging the Emperor's religious hypocrisy and moral failures.

Role
Mughal Emperor
Group
The Mughal State
Period
Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1666–1708)

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